La norma 60529 de la International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC): “Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)” trata los grados de protección de las máquinas eléctricas (motores y generadores). La sigla “IP” significa “Protección Internacional” pero a veces se le conoce como “Protección contra Ingreso”. El código IP se muestra comúnmente en las placas de datos de las máquinas métricas, que son fabricadas con normas IEC. 

Las normas NEMA MG1 Motors and Generators han adoptado las normas IEC para las designaciones IP. Aunque no prevalecen en las placas de datos de las máquinas NEMA, la inclusión del marcado IP se está volviendo más común. El propósito de este artículo es describir las designaciones IP y proporcionar ejemplos de los códigos IP para los encerramientos de las máquinas eléctricas más comunes.

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard 60529 “Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)” addresses the degrees of protection for electrical machines (motors and generators). The “IP” acronym means “International Protection,” but is sometimes referred to as “Ingress Protection.” The IP code is commonly displayed on metric machine nameplates, which are manufactured to IEC standards.

The NEMA MG1 Motors and Generators standards have adopted the IEC standards for the IP designations. Although not prevalent on NEMA machine nameplates, the inclusion of the IP marking is becoming more common. The purpose of this article is to describe the IP code designations and provide examples of the IP codes for common electrical machine enclosures.

We know that excessive temperature and moisture are the largest contributors to bearing and winding failures. Understanding the source of the increased temperature will help us to correct the problem and improve the machine’s life expectancy.

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard 60529, “Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code),” addresses the degrees of protection for electrical machines (motors and generators). The “IP” acronym means “international protection” but is sometimes referred to as “ingress protection.” The IP code is commonly displayed on the nameplates of metric machines that are manufactured to IEC standards.

Due to economies of scale, the use of cast iron is a popular choice in the manufacturing of NEMA and IEC frames. Cast iron is robust and easily machined. It is dimensionally stable and transfers heat well. However, foundry work is an energy-intense process, not well-suited to limited production runs. For larger electric motors, which are manufactured in smaller quantities, the frame is more often fabricated from steel. You may have heard various nicknames for this type of construction: "shoe-box," "skeleton frame," "bathtubs" or other terms. Those who work on these motors regularly know that the frame requires care in handling, especially those fitted with sleeve bearings.