David Sattler
L&S Electric, Inc.

A no ser que se tenga mucho cuidado, tirar del alambre magneto al desmantelar el estator de un motor a menudo deforma o dobla los dientes de las laminaciones. Estos dientes deformados comprometerán la calidad de la reparación y hay estudios que demuestran que este problema puede reducir la eficiencia del motor. Sin embargo, aunque esta reducción puede ser pequeña, genera altos costos y desperdicio de energía.

Aunque los clientes rara vez notan la merma del rendimiento, nuestro objetivo durante la reparación de los motores es siempre llevar a cabo rebobinados de la más alta calidad posible. Por lo tanto, hemos diseñado e implementado el uso de discos (platos) retenedores para mantener los dientes del estator en su lugar mientras se saca el alambre magneto de las ranuras. Los discos que se ven en las fotografías nos han ayudado a evitar y garantizar dañar los dientes del estator al sacar el alambre del estator.

Presented by Chuck Yung
EASA Senior Technical Support Specialist

This webinar recording shares some of the “best practice” rewind methods used by (and learned from) EASA service centers around the world: connection recognition, best insulating materials, wire choices and tips to save time and effort. Topics covered include:

• Slot liner, separators and phase insulation
• Managing voltage stresses
• Making the connection: solder, crimp fittings or silphos
• Lacing tips
• Testing the completed winding

This webinar is intended for experienced and prospective winders, and those who supervise winders.

Chuck Yung
EASA Senior Technical Support Specialist

When an electric motor is expected to be stored for an appreciable time before it is placed into service, certain steps should be taken to ensure that it will be suitable for operation when it is needed. The practical limitation we need to recognize is that much of what we do when putting a motor into long-term storage has to be undone when the same motor is moved into operation. This article addresses common recommendations for stored motors.

Tom Bishop, PE
EASA Senior Technical Support Specialist

One of the most frequent member requests to our technical support group is for conversion of a 3 phase winding from concentric to lap. An excellent alternative to requesting the conversion is to use the EASA AC Motor Verification and Redesign (ACR) program to calculate the changes. In fact, many members have purchased the redesign program and have called us to confirm their conversions as they develop their proficiency and “comfort level” with the program. However, our emphasis here is not to convince you to purchase the ACR program but to cover the important details for a proper concentric to lap winding conversion.

Chuck Yung
Especialista Sénior de Soporte Técnico de EASA

Con el aumento continuo de los tamaños de los motores CA y la obvia superioridad de los devanados con bobinas preformadas (pletina o solera), un área en la que podemos ayudar a mejorar la confiabilidad de los motores de nuestros clientes es rediseñando estos motores grandes de alambre redondo para que acepten bobinas preformadas. La mayoría de los reparadores estarían de acuerdo en que las máquinas de alambre redondo por arriba de 600 hp (450 kW) deberían rediseñarse con bobinas preformadas. Así mismo, aquellas con tensiones nominales superiores a 2 kV serían más confiables con bobinas de pletina.

Nadie quiere rebobinar un motor con 60 #14 AWG (62- 1.6 mm). Con la abundancia de proveedores especializados en laminaciones de estatores, el costo y la practicidad para convertir motores de alambre redondo a pletina está al alcance de casi todos los centros de servicio. Las laminaciones para reemplazar el núcleo pueden ser troqueladas o cortadas con láser o agua y entregadas en tiempos muy razonables.

Chuck Yung
EASA Senior Technical Support Specialist

With a steady increase in random wound AC motor sizes and the obvious superiority of the form coil winding, one area where we can help improve customers' motor reliability is by redesigning those large random wound motors to accept form coils. Most repairers would agree that machines rated larger than 600 hp (450 kW) should be designed as form coil machines. Likewise, those rated over 2 kV will be much more reliable as form coil machines.

No one wants to rewind a motor using 60 #14 AWG (62- 1.6 mm) wires in hand. With an abundance of niche suppliers of stator laminations, the cost and practicality of converting a random wound motor to form coil are available to nearly all service centers. Replacement laminations can be punched, laser-cut or water-cut, and supplied with very reasonable delivery times.

Tom Bishop, PE
Especialista Sénior de Soporte Técnico de EASA

Una de las solicitudes más frecuentes a nuestro grupo de soporte técnico es la conversión de un devanado trifásico de concéntrico a imbricado (excéntrico). Una excelente alternativa para dicha conversión es utilizar el programa EASA AC Motor Verification and Redesign (ACR). De hecho, muchos miembros compraron el programa de rediseño y nos han llamado para confirmar sus rediseños a medida que desarrollan su competencia y su "nivel de comodidad" con el programa. Sin embargo, nuestro énfasis aquí no es convencerlo de que compre el programa ACR, sino cubrir los detalles importantes para rediseñar el devanado concéntrico a imbricado.

David Sattler
L&S Electric, Inc.

Unless great care is taken, pulling magnet wire from a motor stator often bends or splays the lamination’s end teeth. Bent teeth, or teeth that have been splayed outward at the ends of the core stack, will likely compromise the quality of the repair job. Studies¹ show that motor efficiency may be reduced by splaying end teeth. Even if that reduction in efficiency is slight, any reduction in efficiency results in higher costs and wasted energy.

Even though these performance reductions are seldom noticed by customers, our goal in motor repair is always to produce the highest quality rewind possible. Therefore, we have designed and implemented the use of disc clamps to hold the stator tooth tips in place while pulling magnet wire from the slots. The clamping fixtures described in the photos have helped ensure that we avoid damaging the stator teeth during the stripping process.

This video shows one step in collecting motor winding data: how to measure magnet wire. A service center could use this data to:

• Duplicate an original winding
• Verify that a previous rewind was done correctly
• Serve as a basis for redesigning a winding
• Store recorded data for future reference

 

Helpful tools

• EASA's magnet wire table can be found in Section 6 of EASA's Technical Manual and can be downloaded for free by EASA members.
  
  DOWNLOAD FREE PDF BUY LAMINATED WIRE TABLE
   
• EASA's polyphase and single phase winding data cards are available for purchase in EASA's online store.
  
  BUY WINDING DATA CARDS

This EASA software is a valuable interactive training tool ideal for training your novice(s). Even experienced winders will learn from it. The CD teaches how to wind in a richly detailed, step-by-step approach. It includes narrative, animations and video clips, with tests to assess student comprehension. The training, which is divided into 13 lessons, covers data taking, core testing, coil cutoff, burnout, stripping, core preparation, coil making, stator insulation, coil insertion, internal connections, lacing and bracing, inspection and test of untreated and treated windings, and winding treatment. Features include "Pro Tips" and "Drill Downs" that enhance the learning experience and assure that even the most experienced technician will learn from this product. The course is delivered as an interactive Adobe PDF file containing text, audio, video, supporting documents and quizzes.

LEARN MORE

An increasing number of manufacturers are using magnetic wedges in their form-wound machines. When a winder fails to replace magnetic wedges in kind, the winding temperature rise can increase by 20°C, and the magnetizing current can increase by 20% or more.

This recording explains why they are used, provides a balanced review of the benefits and negative issues associated with their use, and explains how to avoid the problems.

• Why some manufacturers use magnetic wedges
• Benefits of magnetic wedges
• Downside of magnetic wedges
• Fitting and installation to prevent them from falling out in service

Target audience: This will benefit service center technicians and supervisors.

Chuck Yung
EASA Technical Support Specialist

Note: This article was originally published October 2001 and was updated September 2021.

When rewinding a motor, the service center is restricted by the original design. Sometimes, we encounter a motor design we wish had never been developed. The random-wound, 2300-volt motor design falls into that category. Most of us would prefer to see medium voltage (2300-4160 volt) machines built exclusively using form coils. The form coil winding assures uniform volts/turn stresses, and reliably seals the windings against hostile environments.

From the manufacturer’s perspective, a random-wound, 2300-volt motor represents a substantial reduction in manufacturing cost. And competitive pricing is important if they want to sell motors. The great challenge to the service center is in successfully rewinding this design while maintaining profit.

Mike Howell
EASA Technical Support Specialist

Cuando sus procesos pueden facilitarlo y para rebajar costos de fabricación, los fabricantes casi siempre emplean en los estatores trifásicos de alambre redondo, bobinados concéntricos insertados con máquinas. Muchos centros de servicio también pueden rebobinar bobinados concéntricos, pero la práctica más común es la de utilizar bobinados excéntricos de doble capa. Para los estatores con bobinas pre-formadas, los fabricantes y los centros de servicio utilizan la mayoría de las veces, bobinados excéntricos de doble capa.

La finalidad de este artículo es proporcionar algunos consejos para trabajar con bobinados con espiras diferentes (impares) o con bobinados excéntricos de doble capa donde el número de espiras por ranura es un número impar (Ej. 3,5,7,9…n). En estos casos, los lados superior e inferior de la bobina deben tener un número de espiras diferente.

Teaches procedures for winding diamond and round-nosed coils. Includes determining coil dimensions from a bare core and winding multiple groups at one time.

This training film is archived here solely for historical purposes. The film was produced many years ago and does not meet EASA's current presentation standards. Some procedures may have also changed.

12 presentations

$60 for EASA members

 

A special discounted collection of 12 webinar recordings focusing on AC motor windings.

Once purchased, all 12 recordings will be available on your "Downloadable products purchased" page in your online account.

Downloadable recordings in this bundle include:

The Basics: Taking Motor Data
Presented September 2016

This presentation covers:

• Photo documentation
• Paper documentation
• Measurements
• Winding data: turns, wire size, connection, core dimensions
• Keeping cause of failure questions in mind

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Taking Three-Phase Winding Data
Presented October 2012

This presentation stresses the importance of taking accurate winding data and explains and emphasizes the consequences of inaccurate data. Details are provided on how to take accurate electrical and mechanical data as well as how to verify the data is correct. It gives you and improved ability to "get it right the first time" so as to avoid the added cost and time of another rewind to correct errors.

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The Basics: Motor Connections
Presented November 2016

This webinar covers:

• Internal connections
• Connections in the outlet box
• Connections in the MCC Ladder diagrams

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Tips and Techniques for Winders
Presented August 2015

This webinar covers:

• Procedural tips for coil insertion
• Creating slot room where there is none
• Faster, easier separators
• Lacing technique to prevent phase paper pull-out
• Interspersed coil winding made simple
• Better braze joints

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Rewinding Tips for Premium Efficient Motors
Presented June 2016

This webinar recording covers: 

• Importance of core loss testing
• Methods to reduce core losses
• Slot fill improvement without reducing copper

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Windings & Connections
Presented December 2015

This webinar recording focuses on the internal connections of AC motors, including:

• Wye or delta?
• Parallel circuits
• Dual voltage - delta connected, wye connected and wye/delta connected
• Tri-voltage - 2D2Y1D and others

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Concentric or Lap? Considerations for the 2-Pole Stator Rewind
Presented September 2014

Two-pole motors present special rewind issues, especially when converting them from concentric to lap windings. The pitch is especially important as certain coil pitches will cause harmonics that have a negative impact on performance. Optimum pitches are often very difficult to wind and shorter pitches result in sacrificed conductor area.

This presentation explores sample redesigns and present some guidelines to assist in deciding between the concentric and lap winding.

Target audience: This webinar will be most useful for service center winders, engineers, supervisors and managers. The content will be beneficial for beginners through highly experienced persons.

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Stator Rewinds: When Things Get Tight
Presented June 2015

When preparing to rewind random or form wound stators, sometimes there just doesn’t seem to be enough room in the stator slot for the desired conductor area and insulation quantities. Common scenarios encountered are redesigns from concentric to lap, changes to higher voltages or aggressive designs from the OEM.

This webinar will look at balancing stator copper losses against insulation reliability.

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Ensuring Success With VPI
Presented June 2014

Global vacuum pressure impregnation is the most common insulation system processing method utilized for form wound stators today. A successful VPI depends on several variables including materials, methods and maintenance. This recording will provide information to assist the service center with ensuring success with form wound VPI projects.

Target audience: This recording will be most useful for service center winders, engineers, supervisors and managers. The content will be beneficial for beginners through highly-experienced persons.

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Induction Motor Rotor Windings: Squirrel-Cage and Wonld Rotor Basics
Presented January 2018

This presentation covers the following topics:

• Induction motor basics for operation
• Squirrel-cage
  • Conductor material
  • Deep-bar effect
  • Multiple-cage windings
  • Phase resistance
  • IEC/NEMA design letters
  • Speed-torque characteristics
• Wound-rotor
  • Winding construction
  • Wave-wound connections
  • Distribution factor and chord factor
  • Rotor phase voltage
  • Speed-torque characteristics

Target audience: This webinar will benefit service center technicians and supervisors. 

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2-Speed, 2-Winding Pole Group Connections
Presented September 2018

The topics covered included in this webinar recording:

• One circuit wye connection — Best, no parallel paths, turns per coil may prevent this
• Delta or multiple parallel circuits—Produces closed circuits, Circulating currents
• Open delta (4 wire connection)
• Permissible connections—Skip pole, adjacent pole
• Determined by speed combination

T​arget audience: This webinar recording will benefit service center technicians and supervisors.

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Minimizing Risk With High-Voltage Rewinds
Presented February 2014

This webinar presents a product quality planning process for industrial motor stator windings rated above 4 kV. Emphasis is placed on analyzing gaps between these projects and lower voltage rewinds as they relate to:

• Stator winding design
• Insulation system validation
• Process control

Target audience: This presentation is most useful for service center winders, engineers, supervisors and managers. The content targets beginners through highly experienced persons.

Mike Howell
EASA Technical Support Specialist

Manufacturers almost always utilize machine-inserted concentric windings for random-wound, three-phase stators when their processes can facilitate it due to lower manufacturing costs. Many service centers can produce concentric windings too, but the most common practice is to utilize the two-layer lap winding. For form-wound stators, the two-layer lap winding is almost always used by manufacturers and service centers alike.

The purpose of this article is to provide some tips for working with odd-turn (unequal-turn) windings, or two-layer windings where the total number of turns per slot is an odd number (e.g., 3,5,7,9…n).